The Ten Commandments are not universal. Jews have one set, Protestants a second, and Catholics a third. All that we have in common is the idea that God gave Ten Commandments to the world. On that perceived basis we recognize a Judeo-Christian ethic.
Truth be known, the most important commandment that we do share is the Golden Rule: "Love thy neighbor as thyself." However, for the Jewish people that means, "What is hateful to you do not do to others." In other words, if you do not like being punched in the face, do not punch others in the face.
The Christian community sees that command only in the positive: "Love they neighbor as thyself." In other words, if you wished that your neighbor would give you all of his wealth, then you give your neighbor all of your wealth. From that idea came the development of monasteries and cloisters. The concept of turning the other cheek can also be derived from the Christian interpretation of the Golden Rule.
Christians and Jews do have different texts. In truth we share our Bible, but they add one-third to our Bible. They cannot understand what Torah, Prophets and Writings teach except through the prism of their New Testament.
Jews only understand our Bible from a deep and close reading of the Oral Law, which includes Mishnah, Gemara, and Responsa literature.
Both Christians and Jews really hold to separate traditions that often collide with one another. Indeed, even Catholic and Protestant traditions collide with one another. Yet, we all do share certain basic ideas. Our 'ought' are the same. We all seek to live according to rules of universal justice. We all find the source of that justice in revelation, no matter how disparate, from one God. Most of us recognize that that One God is the Father of all people. Indeed, we are part of one humanity.
So often we try to find similarities that do not exist, and we reject the true notions that make us all part of that one humanity.